Plants II
Up Anat. & Phys. Muscles & Neuro. Plants I Plants II Ecology Outline

 

 

Last updated:

08/18/98

Designed by:

Davis's Ent.

Read the DISCLAIMER before proceeding.

(Base bionotes stuff goes here)

Welcome to the wonderful world of PLANTS!!!!

(Pronunciations have been provided by Dr. Ghosh. A glossary has also been provided for you at the end of this document so you can carefully and accurately translate whatever it is he’s saying in class... :) )

(p.573 - 588)

The Plant Kingdom is divided up into a bunch of little things:

I. Cryptogams (crypto means HIDDEN, gams means WEDDING) These are your non-flowering LOWER plants... ya know... This includes:

A. Algae (pronounced "ahl-GAY) - DUHH!!!! You should know what these are

B. Bryophytes - Mosses and all that other ugly stuff that you can find hanging on trees

C. Pteridophytes - Commonly known as FERNS (this is correctly pronounced like your favorite

"Happy Days" character -- "[the] FONZ" C’mon - say it out loud to yourself and for

everyone else to hear: FONZ..... GOOD!!! :) )

II. Phamerogams (phamero means visible or open, gams means WEDDING (duhhh... you should know that already... it’s up there at the top!!!) These are your flowering plants and other "higher" plants, such as:

A. Gymnosperms (more about this later) - these include PINES (gymno means naked - like what most people are kinda like at a gym..., and sperm for... well... you know... the SEED.

B. Angiosperms (angio means COVERED) - examples include Oak trees and Colius trees? (w

what the hell are those?

Fungi: Its Position in the classification of "stuff"

- (Little does anyone else know that it was actually part of the PLANT kingdom to begin with...

It was later removed and put into its own kingdom... consequently named Fungi...

(BTW, that’s pronounced "fuhhhnnn - JIE"))

The Five Kingdom Concept was created in 1976 by two dudes named Whittaker (wheat-TAKER) and Margolis (Mahr-go-LIS). These Five Kingdoms are:

1. Kingdom Monera - the PROKARYOTES ("pro" means First or Primative - these things have no organized nucleus at ALL, i.e. no MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES like WE do...)

2. Kingdom Protista - includes Protazoans and UNICELLULAR Algae

3. Kingdom Fungi

4. Kingdom Plantae (plahn-TEEEEE) - Your animals (duhhh...!!!!)

5. Kingdom Animalia - Hmmm.. what could this word sound like? Maybe... uhh... PLANTZ?

FUN-=-GI: Ex. MUSHROOMS

- they have NO chlorophyll

- fungal cell walls have a material called CHITIN (KAI-tin, CHIT-in... it doesn’t matter HOW you pronounce it... :) ) This is really peculiar because this stuff is found in NO OTHER PLANT! - In fact, it’s mostly found in insects and snails... (it makes up their exoskeleton... that’s why if you squish an ant or a fly, it goes -=CRUNCH=-.... hehehe!!!)

THIS IS MOST IMP-or-tant...!!!!!

- fungi are made up of unitz called HYPHA (pl. HYPHAE) (hmm... kinda vague....)

--> You’ll see that if you cut out a little portion of fungi that you’ll see spores and little tiny strands of "stuff" -- THIS is the HYPHA. There are also TWO KINDS:

1. One is called ASEPTATE HYPHA - in this kind, there are a bunch of nuclei, but there are NO cell walls separating cells.

2. The other is called SEPTATE (or the biolab book has some other word --- starts with a "C" I think... yeah.. it’s COENOCYTIC) - In these, there is a wall of separation (called a septa) between each cell

--> A MAT of hyphae is called a MYCELIUM

The CLASSES of FUNGI: (there’s three of them) - The CLASS of fungi is totally dependent on the SHAPE of the zygote found in the fungi:

1. Zygomycetes - a.k.a. "Zygote fungi" - ZYGOSPORES are produced in little structures that I CAN’T DRAW HERE JUST YET... Examples of zygomycetes include BREAD MOLD (Rhizopus ) - Don’t you LOVE bread mold?

2. Ascomycetes - a.k.a. "SAC" fungi - these create ASCOSPORES which are stored in big structures that look like branches called an "ASCUS" or "ASCOCARP", a macroscopic "fruiting body". (REALLY ymmu looking...) Includes "cup" fungi and TRUFFLES (those really expensive fungi things that are supposed to be yummy that pigs are supposed to be able to pick out... I dunno...)

3. Basidiomycetes - a.k.a. "CLUB" fungi - these are the ones that everybody is accustomed to (that sounded weird...) These include the ever famous MUSHROOMS. The "cap" of the mushroom is called the BACIDIOCARP. The "stalk" is the STIPE, and the "roots" are the rhizodal hyphae (or "root like structures") If you cut away a piece of the top basidiocarp and put it on a slide, you will see a rod shaped structure called a basidium, with the basidiospores on the top of the rod. (I dunno... I can’t DRAW the damn thing...)

--> If you have problems remembering, remember this: Z.Y. is in the SAC with his CLUB, "M.O.E."...

ZY - ZYGOMYCETES or ZYGOSPORES

SAC - SAC FUNGI or ASCOMYCETES (rearrange the first three letters)

CLUB - CLUB fungi you idiot... (and you CAN’R rearrange the letters for this one, but oh well...)